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Purpose:
== Purpose ==
Customize the system to allow me to play with memory mappings and large
Customize the system to allow me to play with memory mappings and large devices.  I wanted to minimize intermediate steps from LinuxBIOS to Linux to minimize the areas of expertise I needed to develop. I also wanted to be able to use the SATA drives as my boot drives.
devices.  I wanted to minimize intermediate steps from LinuxBIOS to Linux to
minimize the areas of expertise I needed to develop. I also wanted to be
able to use the SATA drives as my boot drives.


Disclaimer:
==Disclaimer ==
There are several places where my solutions are not as elegant as I wished
There are several places where my solutions are not as elegant as I wished
them to be.  Suggestions are welcome.
them to be.  Suggestions are welcome.


Current set up:
== Current set up ==
Tyan s2892
LinuxBIOS with Linux 2.6.18-tiny as a payload


I started by installing LinuxBIOS on the system and using FILO and Etherboot
* Tyan s2892
to boot to a kernel.  This allowed me to try the different payloads without
* LinuxBIOS with Linux 2.6.18-tiny as a payload
flashing every time.
 
== The procedure ==
 
I started by installing LinuxBIOS on the system and using FILO and Etherboot to boot to a kernel.  This allowed me to try the different payloads without flashing every time.


Next I downloaded the OLPC buildrom
Next I downloaded the OLPC buildrom


git clone git://dev.laptop.org/users/jcrouse/buildrom
git clone git://dev.laptop.org/users/jcrouse/buildrom
 
I built it on my 32-bit system for convenience building the kernel.


I modified the Config.mk to include pciutils from
I modified the Config.mk to include pciutils from  


http://buildroot.uclibc.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/trunk/buildroot/package/
:http://buildroot.uclibc.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/trunk/buildroot/package/


and took out the graphical boot menu.  I also modified
and took out the graphical boot menu.  I also modified
buildrom/skeleton/devices.txt to add lines for my hard drives.  I just
''buildrom/skeleton/devices.txt'' to add lines for my hard drives.  I just
copied the lines for sda and sda1 and made had hda1 hda2 and sda2.  The
copied the lines for ''sda'' and ''sda1'' and made ''hda hda1 hda2'' and ''sda2''.  The important thing is to make sure that the major and minor numbers are correct.
important thing is to make sure that the major and minor numbers are
correct.


I modified buildrom/skeleton/linuxrc so that the device files were created
I modified ''buildrom/skeleton/linuxrc'' so that the device files were created earlier, ''/dev/null'' didn't become a text file, and my drives got mounted in read-only mode.
earlier, /dev/null didn't become a text file, and my drives got mounted.


I then modified buildrom/skeleton/bin/boot.functions so that doboot() called
I then modified buildrom/skeleton/bin/boot.functions so that ''doboot()'' called my script on the hard drive for the kexec.  That's nice to avoid flashing the BIOS for booting different kernels.
my script on the hard drive for the kexec.  That's nice to avoid flashing
the BIOS for booting different kernels.


I downloaded Linux 2.6.18.1 (2.6.18-rc4 had some problems with SATA) and
I downloaded Linux 2.6.18.1 (2.6.18-rc4 had some problems with SATA) and
patched it with the tiny patches that came with OLPC.
patched it with the tiny patches that came with OLPC.
12-tiny-tiny-crc.patch fails, but was easy to apply by hand.
''12-tiny-tiny-crc.patch'' fails, but was easy to apply by hand.


I configured the kernel to include support for ext2 and ext3, SATA, and IDE.
I configured the kernel to include support for ext2, SATA, and IDE.


I ran make and copied the payloads from the buildrom/deploy directory to my
I ran make and copied the payloads from the ''buildrom/deploy'' directory to my s2892 to be used. ''olpc-payload.elf.lzma'' (732K) is used for booting directly from LinuxBIOS, and ''olpc-payload-uncompressed.elf'' (1.7M) was useful for testing it with FILO and Etherboot.
s2892 to be used. olpc-payload.elf.lzma (732K) is used for booting directly
from LinuxBIOS, and olpc-payload-uncompressed.elf (1.7M) was useful for
testing it with FILO and Etherboot.


I'd like to go one step further and use a 64-bit kernel so that any changes
[[Mkelfimage|mkelfImage]] wouldn't work with the vmlinux file, so I changed the Makefile to get it to use the bzImage instead.
I make to the kernel only need to be made once. Looking at mkelfimage, it
looks like the 64-bit file format is not supported.  It might be a simple
change, but I don't know how to do it.


Since I couldn't figure out how to make LinuxBIOS do without the Fallback
Now I have
image, I configured it to have a zero size payload.
* fallback/linuxbios.strip (88K)
* normal/payload (860K)
* s2892vBIOS.bin (36K)


Now I have
If you want to simplify the build process and don't want to customize it too much:
normal/linuxbios.strip (128K)
 
fallback/linuxbios.strip (128K)
* Use this [http://www.openbios.org/pipermail/linuxbios/attachments/20061031/18edb8e8/attachment-0001.obj buildrom2_noacpi.tar.bz2] [http://www.linuxbios.org/pipermail/linuxbios/2006-October/016537.html original post]
normal/payload (732K)
* Or this [http://www.openbios.org/pipermail/linuxbios/attachments/20061031/7e7a6632/attachment-0001.obj buildrom2_amd64_1031.tar.bz2] [http://www.linuxbios.org/pipermail/linuxbios/2006-October/016558.html original post]
fallback/payload (0K)
s2892vBIOS.bin (36K)


If I could get rid of the fallback it would make room for the 64-bit kernel
# make  
(50K bigger than the 32-bit kernel).  Then I'd just need to modify
# use payloads from deploy directory.
mkelfimage and I'd be almost there :) I guess I could take out pciutils to
make up most of the difference (44K), but I like having them there for
debug.


-----------------------Config.lb----------------------
WARNING: I have a bios savior so that when I mess up I can get my machine back.  If you don't have one, you might not want to do the fallback only boot.


== Config.lb ==
<pre><nowiki>
# Sample config file for
# Sample config file for
# the Tyan s2892
# the Tyan s2892
# This will make a target directory of ./s2892
# This will make a target directory of ./s2892
 
target s2892
target s2892
mainboard tyan/s2892
mainboard tyan/s2892
 
option ROM_SIZE      =0xf7000
option ROM_SIZE      = 0xf7000 # 8Mbit - 36K for VGA BIOS
 
option CONFIG_ROM_STREAM=1
option CONFIG_ROM_STREAM=1
 
option CONFIG_CONSOLE_SERIAL8250=1
option CONFIG_CONSOLE_SERIAL8250 = 1
option CONFIG_CONSOLE_VGA=1
option CONFIG_CONSOLE_VGA = 1
option FALLBACK_SIZE =0x20000
option FALLBACK_SIZE = ROM_SIZE
option ROM_IMAGE_SIZE=0x20000
option ROM_IMAGE_SIZE = 0x16000
 
# Tyan s2892
# Tyan s2892
romimage "normal"
romimage "fallback"
         option CONFIG_COMPRESSED_ROM_STREAM_LZMA=1
         option CONFIG_COMPRESSED_ROM_STREAM_LZMA=1
         option CONFIG_PRECOMPRESSED_ROM_STREAM=1
         option CONFIG_PRECOMPRESSED_ROM_STREAM=1
         option USE_FALLBACK_IMAGE=0
         option USE_FALLBACK_IMAGE=1
         option LINUXBIOS_EXTRA_VERSION="$(shell cat ../../VERSION)_Normal"
         option LINUXBIOS_EXTRA_VERSION="$(shell cat ../../VERSION)_Fallback"
         payload ../olpc-payload.elf.lzma
         payload ../olpc-payload.elf.lzma
end
end


romimage "fallback"
buildrom ./linuxbios.rom ROM_SIZE "fallback"
        option CONFIG_COMPRESSED_ROM_STREAM_LZMA=0
 
        option CONFIG_PRECOMPRESSED_ROM_STREAM=0
</nowiki></pre>
        option USE_FALLBACK_IMAGE=1
 
        option LINUXBIOS_EXTRA_VERSION="$(shell cat ../../VERSION)_Fallback"
== Kexec-tools ==
        payload ../payload.zero
 
end
Because the kexec tools that are included with OLPC's buildrom are stripped down for 32-bit kernels, I built kexec statically linked (read "large file") and put it on the hard drive with the kernel to be loaded.  I use kexec to boot my kernel which has been combined with initrd into an elf with mkelfImage:
buildrom ./linuxbios.rom ROM_SIZE "normal" "fallback"
 
mkelfImage --comand--line="ro root=/dev/hda1 console=tty0" --kernel="vmlinux" --initrd="initrd" --output="mylinux.elf"
 
I have to use
kexec -f mylinux.elf
because otherwise kexec calls shutdown and there is no shutdown in the OLPC initrd. I guess that's a half truth, because when I call kexec without the -f it reboots the machine completely instead of a kexec when shutdown is available.
 
== Status ==
My machine boots LinuxBIOS, then linux-2.6.18.1-tiny, then kexecs into linux-2.6.18.1-normal.  It takes a little longer than going through elfboot and FILO, but it is a simpler path.
 
== Author ==
 
This document was written by Myles Watson <myles at pel dot cs dot byu dot edu>
 
{{PD-self}}
 
[[Category:Tutorials]]

Latest revision as of 23:22, 18 January 2014

Purpose

Customize the system to allow me to play with memory mappings and large devices. I wanted to minimize intermediate steps from LinuxBIOS to Linux to minimize the areas of expertise I needed to develop. I also wanted to be able to use the SATA drives as my boot drives.

Disclaimer

There are several places where my solutions are not as elegant as I wished them to be. Suggestions are welcome.

Current set up

  • Tyan s2892
  • LinuxBIOS with Linux 2.6.18-tiny as a payload

The procedure

I started by installing LinuxBIOS on the system and using FILO and Etherboot to boot to a kernel. This allowed me to try the different payloads without flashing every time.

Next I downloaded the OLPC buildrom

git clone git://dev.laptop.org/users/jcrouse/buildrom

I modified the Config.mk to include pciutils from

http://buildroot.uclibc.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/trunk/buildroot/package/

and took out the graphical boot menu. I also modified buildrom/skeleton/devices.txt to add lines for my hard drives. I just copied the lines for sda and sda1 and made hda hda1 hda2 and sda2. The important thing is to make sure that the major and minor numbers are correct.

I modified buildrom/skeleton/linuxrc so that the device files were created earlier, /dev/null didn't become a text file, and my drives got mounted in read-only mode.

I then modified buildrom/skeleton/bin/boot.functions so that doboot() called my script on the hard drive for the kexec. That's nice to avoid flashing the BIOS for booting different kernels.

I downloaded Linux 2.6.18.1 (2.6.18-rc4 had some problems with SATA) and patched it with the tiny patches that came with OLPC. 12-tiny-tiny-crc.patch fails, but was easy to apply by hand.

I configured the kernel to include support for ext2, SATA, and IDE.

I ran make and copied the payloads from the buildrom/deploy directory to my s2892 to be used. olpc-payload.elf.lzma (732K) is used for booting directly from LinuxBIOS, and olpc-payload-uncompressed.elf (1.7M) was useful for testing it with FILO and Etherboot.

mkelfImage wouldn't work with the vmlinux file, so I changed the Makefile to get it to use the bzImage instead.

Now I have

  • fallback/linuxbios.strip (88K)
  • normal/payload (860K)
  • s2892vBIOS.bin (36K)

If you want to simplify the build process and don't want to customize it too much:

  1. make
  2. use payloads from deploy directory.

WARNING: I have a bios savior so that when I mess up I can get my machine back. If you don't have one, you might not want to do the fallback only boot.

Config.lb

# Sample config file for
# the Tyan s2892
# This will make a target directory of ./s2892
 
target s2892
mainboard tyan/s2892
 
option ROM_SIZE      = 0xf7000 # 8Mbit - 36K for VGA BIOS
 
option CONFIG_ROM_STREAM=1
 
option CONFIG_CONSOLE_SERIAL8250 = 1
option CONFIG_CONSOLE_VGA = 1
option FALLBACK_SIZE = ROM_SIZE
option ROM_IMAGE_SIZE = 0x16000
 
# Tyan s2892
romimage "fallback"
        option CONFIG_COMPRESSED_ROM_STREAM_LZMA=1
        option CONFIG_PRECOMPRESSED_ROM_STREAM=1
        option USE_FALLBACK_IMAGE=1
        option LINUXBIOS_EXTRA_VERSION="$(shell cat ../../VERSION)_Fallback"
        payload ../olpc-payload.elf.lzma
end

buildrom ./linuxbios.rom ROM_SIZE "fallback"

Kexec-tools

Because the kexec tools that are included with OLPC's buildrom are stripped down for 32-bit kernels, I built kexec statically linked (read "large file") and put it on the hard drive with the kernel to be loaded. I use kexec to boot my kernel which has been combined with initrd into an elf with mkelfImage:

mkelfImage --comand--line="ro root=/dev/hda1 console=tty0" --kernel="vmlinux" --initrd="initrd" --output="mylinux.elf"

I have to use

kexec -f mylinux.elf 

because otherwise kexec calls shutdown and there is no shutdown in the OLPC initrd. I guess that's a half truth, because when I call kexec without the -f it reboots the machine completely instead of a kexec when shutdown is available.

Status

My machine boots LinuxBIOS, then linux-2.6.18.1-tiny, then kexecs into linux-2.6.18.1-normal. It takes a little longer than going through elfboot and FILO, but it is a simpler path.

Author

This document was written by Myles Watson <myles at pel dot cs dot byu dot edu>

Public domain I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. This applies worldwide.

In case this is not legally possible:
I grant anyone the right to use this work for any purpose, without any conditions, unless such conditions are required by law.