SeaBIOS: Difference between revisions

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= Use cases =
= Use cases =


Any software requiring 16-bit BIOS services benefits from SeaBIOS. Windows or Linux booting (through standard grub).
Any software requiring 16-bit BIOS services benefits from SeaBIOS, e.g. Windows or Linux (booting through standard GRUB). Linux booting will work out of the box. Generally Windows booting will also work, but Windows might require some more ACPI tweaks therefore it may not complete the boot (STOP 0xA5).
Linux booting will work out of the box. Generally Windows booting will also work, but Windows might require
some more ACPI tweaks therefore it may not complete the boot (STOP 0xA5).
 
 
So far Asus M2V-MX SE has known good working ACPI and is able to boot XP/Vista/Windows 7. Please ask on mailinglists of the status of other boards/chipsets.


So far [[ASUS M2V-MX SE]] has known good working ACPI and is able to boot XP/Vista/Windows 7. Please ask on the [[Mailinglist|mailing list]] for the status of other boards/chipsets.


== Windows XP ==
== Windows XP ==
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== coreboot ==
== coreboot ==


For best results, use coreboot-v2 and edit the target Config.lb with the following:
For best results, use coreboot-v2 and edit the '''targets/..../Config.lb''' with the following:


  option CONFIG_CBFS=1
  option CONFIG_CBFS = 1
  option HAVE_HIGH_TABLES=1
  option HAVE_HIGH_TABLES = 1
  ...
  ...
  romimage "fallback"
  romimage "fallback"
Line 70: Line 66:
  end
  end


Unfortunately, many boards don't have HAVE_HIGH_TABLES support yet. If the build fails complaining about this option, one can edit the src/mainboard/<vendor>/<board>/Options.lb file and add a "uses HAVE_HIGH_TABLES" line. Then one can edit src/arch/i386/boot/tables.c and change the lines:
Unfortunately, many boards don't have HAVE_HIGH_TABLES support, yet. If the build fails complaining about this option, one can edit the '''src/mainboard/<vendor>/<board>/Options.lb''' file and add a "uses HAVE_HIGH_TABLES" line. Then one can edit '''src/arch/i386/boot/tables.c''' and change the lines:


<source lang="C">
<source lang="C">
Line 80: Line 76:


<source lang="C">
<source lang="C">
uint64_t high_tables_base = ( <memorysize> )*1024*1024 - (64*1024);
uint64_t high_tables_base = ( <memorysize> ) * 1024 * 1024 - (64 * 1024);
uint64_t high_tables_size = 64*1024;
uint64_t high_tables_size = 64 * 1024;
</source>
</source>


where <memorysize> is the amount of memory (in MiB) available on the target machine, but not more than 3072. So, if you have more than 3GiB of ram installed, put 3072. Otherwise, put the number of MiB of ram installed in your machine.
where <memorysize> is the amount of memory (in MiB) available on the target machine, but '''not more than 3072'''. So, if you have more than 3GiB of RAM installed, put 3072. Otherwise, put the number of MiB of RAM installed in your machine.


Alternatively, one can add proper support for HAVE_HIGH_TABLES.
Alternatively, one can add proper support for HAVE_HIGH_TABLES.
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= SeaBIOS and CBFS =
= SeaBIOS and CBFS =


SeaBIOS can read the coreboot flash filesystem and extract option roms and payloads.
SeaBIOS can read the coreboot flash filesystem and extract option ROMs and payloads.


When SeaBIOS scans the target machine's PCI devices, it will recognize option roms in CBFS that have the form "pciVVVV,DDDD.rom". It will also run any file in the directory "genroms/" as an option rom not specific to a device. In the above cases, SeaBIOS will recognize files with a ".lzma" suffix, and automatically decompress them (eg, "pci1106,3344.rom.lzma" and "genroms/sgabios.bin.lzma").
When SeaBIOS scans the target machine's PCI devices, it will recognize option ROMs in CBFS that have the form '''pciVVVV,DDDD.rom'''. It will also run any file in the directory '''genroms/''' as an option ROM not specific to a device. In the above cases, SeaBIOS will recognize files with a '''.lzma''' suffix, and automatically decompress them (eg, '''pci1106,3344.rom.lzma''' and '''genroms/sgabios.bin.lzma''').


SeaBIOS will also load payloads found in the CBFS directory "img/".
SeaBIOS will also load payloads found in the CBFS directory '''img/'''.


The examples below show some common uses of this feature.
The examples below show some common uses of this feature.


== Adding a VGA option rom ==
== Adding a VGA option ROM ==


It is frequently necessary to add a vga option rom for built-in VGA adapters so that they are properly initialized.
It is frequently necessary to add a VGA option ROM for built-in VGA adapters so that they are properly initialized.


The first step is to find the vendor and device id of the VGA adapter. This information can be found from '''lspci''':
The first step is to find the vendor and device ID of the VGA adapter. This information can be found from '''lspci''':


<source lang="bash">
<source lang="bash">
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</source>
</source>


In the above example, the VGA vendor/deviceid is "1106:3344". [[VGA_support#How_to_retrieve_a_good_video_bios|Obtain the vga rom]] (eg, vgabios.bin) and add it to the rom with:
In the above example, the VGA vendor/device ID is '''1106:3344'''. [[VGA support#How_to_retrieve_a_good_video_bios|Obtain the VGA ROM]] (eg, '''vgabios.bin''') and add it to the ROM with:


<source lang="bash">
<source lang="bash">
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</source>
</source>


Alternatively, SeaBIOS supports lzma compressed option roms. Use the following to add a compressed option rom instead:
Alternatively, SeaBIOS supports LZMA compressed option ROMs. Use the following to add a compressed option ROM instead:


<source lang="bash">
<source lang="bash">
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</source>
</source>


After the above is done, one can write the coreboot.rom file to flash. SeaBIOS will extract the vga rom and run it during boot.
After the above is done, one can write the coreboot.rom file to flash. SeaBIOS will extract the VGA ROM and run it during boot.


== Adding gpxe support ==
== Adding gpxe support ==


A [[http://www.etherboot.org/ gpxe]] option rom can nicely complement SeaBIOS and coreboot by adding network boot support. Adding gpxe is similar to [[#Adding a VGA option rom]]. The first step is to find the ethernet vendor/device id. For example:
A [[GPXE|gpxe]] option ROM can nicely complement SeaBIOS and coreboot by adding network boot support. Adding gpxe is similar to [[#Adding a VGA option ROM]]. The first step is to find the Ethernet vendor/device ID. For example:


<source lang="bash">
<source lang="bash">
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</source>
</source>


Then one can build a gpxe option rom. For example:
Then one can build a gpxe option ROM. For example:


<source lang="bash">
<source lang="bash">
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</source>
</source>


And add it to the coreboot image. For example:
And add it to the coreboot image. For example:


<source lang="bash">
<source lang="bash">
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</source>
</source>


As with VGA option roms, the gpxe option rom may be compressed with lzma. However, compression wont significantly reduce gpxe's size as it implements its own compression.
As with VGA option ROMs, the gpxe option ROM may be compressed with LZMA. However, compression won't significantly reduce gpxe's size as it implements its own compression.


In addition to gpxe, other option roms can be added in the same manor.
In addition to gpxe, other option ROMs can be added in the same manor.


== Adding sgabios support ==
== Adding sgabios support ==


An [[http://code.google.com/p/sgabios/ sgabios]] option rom can forward some vga bios requests over a serial port. To use sgabios, place its rom file in the "genroms/" directory of CBFS. For example:
An [http://code.google.com/p/sgabios/ sgabios] option ROM can forward some VGA BIOS requests over a serial port. To use sgabios, place its ROM file in the '''genroms/''' directory of CBFS. For example:


<source lang="bash">
<source lang="bash">
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== Adding payloads ==
== Adding payloads ==


Most [[Payloads|payloads]] can also be launched from SeaBIOS. To add a payload, build the corresponding .elf file and then add it to the '''coreboot.rom''' file in the "img/" directory. For example:
Most [[Payloads|payloads]] can also be launched from SeaBIOS. To add a payload, build the corresponding .elf file and then add it to the '''coreboot.rom''' file in the '''img/''' directory. For example:


<source lang="bash">
<source lang="bash">
Line 175: Line 171:
</source>
</source>


During boot, one can press the F12 key to get a boot menu. SeaBIOS will show all files in the "img/" directory, and one can instruct SeaBIOS to run them.
During boot, one can press the '''F12''' key to get a boot menu. SeaBIOS will show all files in the '''img/''' directory, and one can instruct SeaBIOS to run them.


Note, SeaBIOS currently supports uncompressed and lzma compressed payloads. The nrv2b compression algorithm is not supported.
Note, SeaBIOS currently supports uncompressed and LZMA compressed payloads. The nrv2b compression algorithm is not supported.

Revision as of 01:09, 30 May 2009

SeaBIOS (previously known as LegacyBIOS) is an open-source legacy BIOS implementation, which can also be used as coreboot payload.

Use cases

Any software requiring 16-bit BIOS services benefits from SeaBIOS, e.g. Windows or Linux (booting through standard GRUB). Linux booting will work out of the box. Generally Windows booting will also work, but Windows might require some more ACPI tweaks therefore it may not complete the boot (STOP 0xA5).

So far ASUS M2V-MX SE has known good working ACPI and is able to boot XP/Vista/Windows 7. Please ask on the mailing list for the status of other boards/chipsets.

Windows XP

Windows XP has been booted on real hardware with coreboot and SeaBIOS. Some patches are required.

Windows Vista

Windows Vista (64/32 bit) has been booted on real hardware with coreboot and SeaBIOS. Some patches are required.

Windows 7 Beta

Windows 7 Beta (64 bit) has been booted on real hardware with coreboot and SeaBIOS. Some patches required.

GRUB

GRUB works with coreboot and SeaBIOS on real hardware and boots Linux just fine.

Building

SeaBIOS

You can download the latest version of SeaBIOS through a git repository:

<source lang="bash"> $ git clone git://git.linuxtogo.org/home/kevin/seabios.git seabios $ cd seabios </source>

Alternatively, the released versions of SeaBIOS can be found at http://linuxtogo.org/~kevin/SeaBIOS/. There's also a gitweb facility to browse the latest source code online.

Edit src/config.h and set the following values:

<source lang="C">

  1. define CONFIG_COREBOOT 1
  2. define CONFIG_DEBUG_SERIAL 1
  3. define CONFIG_OPTIONROMS_DEPLOYED 0
  4. define CONFIG_COREBOOT_FLASH 1
  5. define CONFIG_VGAHOOKS 1

</source>

Then:

<source lang="bash"> $ make </source>

The final SeaBIOS payload file is out/bios.bin.elf, which can be used with coreboot v2 or v3.

coreboot

For best results, use coreboot-v2 and edit the targets/..../Config.lb with the following:

option CONFIG_CBFS = 1
option HAVE_HIGH_TABLES = 1
...
romimage "fallback"
	...
	payload /path/to/seabios/out/bios.bin.elf
end

Unfortunately, many boards don't have HAVE_HIGH_TABLES support, yet. If the build fails complaining about this option, one can edit the src/mainboard/<vendor>/<board>/Options.lb file and add a "uses HAVE_HIGH_TABLES" line. Then one can edit src/arch/i386/boot/tables.c and change the lines:

<source lang="C"> uint64_t high_tables_base = 0; uint64_t high_tables_size; </source>

to:

<source lang="C"> uint64_t high_tables_base = ( <memorysize> ) * 1024 * 1024 - (64 * 1024); uint64_t high_tables_size = 64 * 1024; </source>

where <memorysize> is the amount of memory (in MiB) available on the target machine, but not more than 3072. So, if you have more than 3GiB of RAM installed, put 3072. Otherwise, put the number of MiB of RAM installed in your machine.

Alternatively, one can add proper support for HAVE_HIGH_TABLES.

Once the above is done, the final image will be in coreboot.rom.

SeaBIOS and CBFS

SeaBIOS can read the coreboot flash filesystem and extract option ROMs and payloads.

When SeaBIOS scans the target machine's PCI devices, it will recognize option ROMs in CBFS that have the form pciVVVV,DDDD.rom. It will also run any file in the directory genroms/ as an option ROM not specific to a device. In the above cases, SeaBIOS will recognize files with a .lzma suffix, and automatically decompress them (eg, pci1106,3344.rom.lzma and genroms/sgabios.bin.lzma).

SeaBIOS will also load payloads found in the CBFS directory img/.

The examples below show some common uses of this feature.

Adding a VGA option ROM

It is frequently necessary to add a VGA option ROM for built-in VGA adapters so that they are properly initialized.

The first step is to find the vendor and device ID of the VGA adapter. This information can be found from lspci:

<source lang="bash"> $ lspci -vnn ... 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: VIA Technologies, Inc. UniChrome Pro IGP [1106:3344] (rev 01) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) </source>

In the above example, the VGA vendor/device ID is 1106:3344. Obtain the VGA ROM (eg, vgabios.bin) and add it to the ROM with:

<source lang="bash"> $ ./cbfstool coreboot.rom add /path/to/vgabios.bin pci1106,3344.rom 0 $ ./cbfstool coreboot.rom print </source>

Alternatively, SeaBIOS supports LZMA compressed option ROMs. Use the following to add a compressed option ROM instead:

<source lang="bash"> $ lzma -zc /path/to/vgabios.bin > vgabios.bin.lzma $ ./cbfstool coreboot.rom add vgabios.bin.lzma pci1106,3344.rom.lzma 0 $ ./cbfstool coreboot.rom print </source>

After the above is done, one can write the coreboot.rom file to flash. SeaBIOS will extract the VGA ROM and run it during boot.

Adding gpxe support

A gpxe option ROM can nicely complement SeaBIOS and coreboot by adding network boot support. Adding gpxe is similar to #Adding a VGA option ROM. The first step is to find the Ethernet vendor/device ID. For example:

<source lang="bash"> $ lspci -vnn ... 00:09.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL-8110SC/8169SC Gigabit Ethernet [10ec:8167] (rev 10) </source>

Then one can build a gpxe option ROM. For example:

<source lang="bash"> $ cd /path/to/gpxe/src/ $ make bin/10ec8167.rom </source>

And add it to the coreboot image. For example:

<source lang="bash"> $ ./cbfstool coreboot.rom add /path/to/gpxe/src/bin/10ec8167.rom pci10ec,8167.rom 0 $ ./cbfstool coreboot.rom print </source>

As with VGA option ROMs, the gpxe option ROM may be compressed with LZMA. However, compression won't significantly reduce gpxe's size as it implements its own compression.

In addition to gpxe, other option ROMs can be added in the same manor.

Adding sgabios support

An sgabios option ROM can forward some VGA BIOS requests over a serial port. To use sgabios, place its ROM file in the genroms/ directory of CBFS. For example:

<source lang="bash"> $ ./cbfstool coreboot.rom add /path/to/sgabios.bin genroms/sgabios.bin 0 $ ./cbfstool coreboot.rom print </source>

Adding payloads

Most payloads can also be launched from SeaBIOS. To add a payload, build the corresponding .elf file and then add it to the coreboot.rom file in the img/ directory. For example:

<source lang="bash"> $ ./cbfstool coreboot.rom add-payload /path/to/payload.elf img/MyPayload l $ ./cbfstool coreboot.rom print </source>

During boot, one can press the F12 key to get a boot menu. SeaBIOS will show all files in the img/ directory, and one can instruct SeaBIOS to run them.

Note, SeaBIOS currently supports uncompressed and LZMA compressed payloads. The nrv2b compression algorithm is not supported.